Actor observer bias general term2/7/2024 ![]() ![]() ![]() Lewin considered a person's psychological environment, or "life space", to be subjective and thus distinct from physical reality. Field theory proposes that a person's behavior is a function of the person and the environment. įrom the 1920s through the 1940s, Lewin developed an approach for studying human behavior which he called field theory. Lewin's ideas were strongly informed by Gestalt psychology, a 20th-century school of thought which focused on examining psychological phenomena in context, as parts of a whole. Naïve realism follows from a subjectivist tradition in modern social psychology, which traces its roots back to one of the field's founders, a German-American psychologist named Kurt Lewin. Assume that others who do not share the same views must be ignorant, irrational, or biased.Expect that others will come to the same conclusions, so long as they are exposed to the same information and interpret it in a rational manner.Believe that they see the world objectively and without bias.They argue that these assumptions are supported by a long line of thinking in social psychology, along with several empirical studies. Lee Ross and fellow psychologist Andrew Ward have outlined three interrelated assumptions, or "tenets", that make up naïve realism. represent important, indeed foundational, contributions of social psychology." Main assumptions ![]() In 2010, the Handbook of Social Psychology recognized naïve realism as one of "four hard-won insights about human perception, thinking, motivation and behavior that . Several prominent social psychologists have studied naïve realism experimentally, including Lee Ross, Andrew Ward, Dale Griffin, Emily Pronin, Thomas Gilovich, Robert Robinson, and Dacher Keltner. Social psychologists in the mid-20th century argued against this stance and proposed instead that perception is inherently subjective. It is related to the philosophical concept of naïve realism, which is the idea that our senses allow us to perceive objects directly and without any intervening processes. The term, as it is used in psychology today, was coined by social psychologist Lee Ross and his colleagues in the 1990s. These include the false consensus effect, actor–observer bias, bias blind spot, and fundamental attribution error, among others. Naïve realism provides a theoretical basis for several other cognitive biases, which are systematic errors when it comes to thinking and making decisions. In social psychology, naïve realism is the human tendency to believe that we see the world around us objectively, and that people who disagree with us must be uninformed, irrational, or biased. For the view in the philosophy of perception, see naïve realism. ![]()
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